Comparison of Mean Platelet Volume, Platelet Count, Total Leucocyte and Neutrophil Counts in Normoglycemics, Impaired Fasting Glusose and Diabetics

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a global pandemic and a complex disease characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia, metabolic abnormalities, long term macro – microvascular abnormalities involving the blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves. Platelet parameters such as high platelet count and mainly high mean platelet volume (MPV) have been reported in diabetic patients, contributing to the increased risk of vascular disease. Also recent studies have documented the role of platelet – leukocyte aggregates in diabetics contributing to the vascular injury. The objective of our study is to study the simple variables of platelet count, MPV, total WBC count and neutrophil count not only in diabetics, but also in the normoglycemics and impaired fasting groups. Materials and Methods: Current cross sectional study was conducted at Sapthagri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Bangalore, India between the period of December 2013 to March 2014. A total of 248 cases were included in the study groups which were categorized as Group I, II, and III based on the fasting plasma sugar levels as normoglycemics, impaired fasting glucose and diabetics respectively. The same samples were run for MPV, platelet counts, Total leukocyte and Neutrophil counts. Results: A statistically signifi cant correlation was seen between the rising plasma glucose, MPV, Total Leukocyte count and the neutrophil counts. The platelet count however, did not show much statistical signifi cance with rising glucose levels. Conclusion: MPV, total leucocyte count and the absolute neutrophil counts increased proportionally with increasing plasma glusose levels. The variation was signifi cant in diabetic group. Although the variation between the normoglycemics and impaired fasting group for the same variables was not very signifi cant, the parameters still show increase with rising sugar levels.